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- TIMES & SIGNS
- Sep 1, 2021
- 3 min read
Components of COVID-19 vaccines authorized by Health Canada
Download in PDF format 123 KB, 3 pages)Organization: Public Health Agency of Canada Published: 2021-05-07
Ingredients in the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccineComponentFunctionKnown to be a potential allergenMessenger RNA (mRNA)Nucleoside-modified mRNA encoding the viral spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2Active ingredient:
Genetic code that provides the blueprint for our body's cells to make the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the cytoplasm, which is then displayed on the cell surface and elicits an immune response
NoComponents of the lipid nanoparticle that delivers the mRNA into the cellALC-0159 = 2[(polyethylene glycol)-2000]-N,N-ditetradecylacetamide
Forms a protective layer that stabilizes the nanoparticle, improves storage stability and reduces non-specific binding to proteins
Yes: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) can be an allergen1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC)
Part of the double layer of lipids (lipid bilayer) that forms the nanoparticle
NoCholesterol
Provides structural support for the lipid bilayer of the nanoparticle and supports mobility of lipid components
NoALC-0315 = (4-hydroxybutyl) azanediyl)bis(hexane-6,1-diyl)bis(2-hexyldecanoate)
Main ingredient in the lipid-nanoparticle that delivers the mRNA into the cell
Cationic (positively charged) lipid that during the manufacturing process, promotes the nanoparticle to assemble into a virus size particle with the negatively charged mRNA in the middle, and facilitates mRNA release from the nanoparticle once inside the cell
NoAdditional ingredientsPotassium chloride
Salt that forms a buffer to balance the pH (acidity) of the vaccine
NoMonobasic potassium phosphate
Salt that forms a buffer to balance the pH (acidity) of the vaccine
NoSodium chloride
Salt that forms a buffer to balance the pH (acidity) of the vaccine
NoDibasic sodium phosphate dehydrate
Salt that forms a buffer to balance the pH (acidity) of the vaccine
NoSucrose
Sugar to protect and stabilize the vaccine during freezing and prevent the particles from sticking together
NoNormal saline (provided separately from the vaccine)
Water and salt solution added as the diluent to the vaccine
NoNotes: Does not contain latex in the stopper
Ingredients in the COVID-19 vaccine ModernaComponentFunctionKnown to be a potential allergenMessenger RNA (mRNA)Nucleoside-modified mRNA encoding the viral spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2Active ingredient:
Genetic code that provides the blueprint for our body's cells to make the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the cytoplasm, which is then displayed on the cell surface and elicits an immune response
NoComponents of the lipid nanoparticle that delivers the mRNA into the cellPolyethylene glycol (PEG) 2000 DMG
Serves to stabilize and prolong the lifespan of the nanoparticle
Yes: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) can be an allergen1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC)
Part of the double layer of lipids (lipid bilayer) that forms the nanoparticle
NoCholesterol
Provides structural support for the lipid bilayer of the nanoparticle and supports mobility of lipid components
NoLipid SM-102
Ionizable lipid that interacts with mRNA
During the manufacturing process, promotes the nanoparticle to assemble into a virus size particle with the negatively charged mRNA in the middle and facilitates mRNA release from the nanoparticle once in the cell
NoAdditional ingredientsTromethamine
Base that forms a buffer and works to balance the pH (acidity) of the vaccine
Yes: tromethamine can be a very rare cause of allergic reactionsTromethamine hydrochloride
Salt that forms a buffer and works to balance the pH (acidity) of the vaccine
Acid that forms a buffer to balance the pH (acidity) of the vaccine
NoSodium acetate
Salt that forms a buffer to balance the pH (acidity) of the vaccine
Helps to stabilize the particle
NoSucrose
Sugar to protect and stabilize the vaccine during freezing and prevent the particles from sticking together
NoNote: Does not contain latex in the stopper
Ingredients in the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccineComponentFunctionKnown to be a potential allergenSources of genetic code for spike proteinModified adenovirus (ChAdOx1) containing spike protein genetic codeActive ingredient:
Adenovirus that has been genetically modified to not replicate and to carry the gene for the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus
Delivers genetic code of the spike protein to the nucleus of the body's cell where mRNA is made and transported to the cytoplasm of the body's cell where the spike protein is then made, displayed on the cell surface and elicits an immune response
NoAdditional ingredientsL-Histidine
Buffering agent: pH (acidity) control and stability during storage
NoL-Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate
Buffering agent: pH (acidity) control and stability during storage
NoMagnesium chloride hexahydrate
Stabilizer: protects the vaccine from adverse conditions (electrostatic interactions)
NoPolysorbate 80
Surfactant: stabilizes the adenovirus by reducing virus sticking to surfaces and minimizing interactions where the liquid vaccine comes into contact with air
Stabilizer: protects the vaccine from adverse conditions (prevents free-radical induced oxidation of the adenovirus)
NoSucrose
Cryo-protectant: stabilizes the adenovirus during freezing and thawing, enhances the adenovirus' ability to withstand temperature changes, and acts as a tonicity agent
NoSodium chloride
Cryo-protectant: stabilizes the adenovirus during freezing and thawing and acts as a tonicity agent
NoDisodium edetate dihydrate (EDTA)
Stabilizer: protects the vaccine from adverse conditions (prevents free-radical induced oxidation of the adenovirus)
NoWater
Liquid in the vaccine vial
NoNote: Does not contain latex in the stopper
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